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| Pathology: A Career in Medicine |
| The Pathologist in Patient Care |
| Anatomic Pathology |
| A Case Study: Lung Cancer |
| Role of the Autopsy |
| Clinical Pathology |
| Molecular Pathology |
| The Pathologist as a Consultant |
| The Pathologist in Research |
| Case Study: Thyroid Cancer |
| Graduate Medical Education in Pathology |
| Career Options |
| The Pathologist as a Teacher |
| Undergraduate Study in Pathology |
| About ICPI |
| The Directory of Pathology Training Programs |
| The Road to Becoming a Biomedical Physician Scientist in Pathology and Laboratory Medicine |
| Certification in the US and Canada |
| Pathology: A Career in Medicine Brochure - Ordering Information |
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| Graduate Medical Education in Pathology | |
 Dr. Meera Hameed, Professor of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine at UMDNJ specializes in the fields of surgical pathology and the molecular biology of bone and soft tissue tumors, in the areas of clinical service, research, and teaching. |
Medical school graduates in the United States
and Canada need three to four years of accredited residency training to
prepare for a career in pathology. There are accredited training programs in
many hospitals throughout the United States and Canada, and many varied
opportunities for subspecialty study after residency. During training, the
resident becomes familiar with all activities of a pathology department. Most pathology residents receive training in both anatomic pathology (AP) and clinical pathology (CP), although it is possible to train in only one. Specialty certification for the medical practice of pathology is the responsibility of the American Board of Pathology (ABP) in the United States, which offers primary specialty (AP and CP) and subspecialty examinations for certification. Four full years of approved training are required for AP/CP, and three years for AP or CP alone. Residency training in Canada is the responsibility of the Royal College of Physicians and Surgeons. Following residency training, candidates requesting certification must pass an objective written and practical examination. As in other medical disciplines, Board certification is not required for practice, but it is highly prized as evidence of professional competence. In both the United States and Canada, pathologists who have been board certified must continue to demonstrate competency throughout their careers and (except for those in the United States who were certified before 2006) must be recertified periodically. Pathologists can be certified to practice in the following subspecialties in the United States: 
Blood banking/transfusion medicine Chemical pathology Cytopathology Dermatopathology
(with the American Board of Dermatology) Forensic pathology Hematology Medical microbiology Molecular genetic pathology (with the American
Board of Medical Genetics) Neuropathology Pediatric pathology |